\u5f53\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u9001\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4f55\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u4ee5\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u4f20\u9001\u3002\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u9700\u8981\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2ajava\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u4f20\u9001\uff1b\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u5219\u9700\u8981\u628a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\u518d\u6062\u590d\u4e3ajava\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
\u628ajava\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53eb\u505a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n
\u628a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\u6062\u590d\u4e3ajava\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u79f0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u7528\u9014\uff1a<\/p>\n
1\uff09\u00a0\u628a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\u6c38\u4e45\u7684\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff1b<\/p>\n
2\uff09\u00a0\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u4f20\u9001\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e00\uff0e\u00a0JDK\u7c7b\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316API<\/p>\n
Java.io.ObjectOutputStream\u4ee3\u8868\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41\uff0c\u5b83\u7684writeObject\uff08Object\u00a0obj\uff09\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u5bf9\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u7684obj\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff0c\u628a\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\u5199\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
Java.io.ObjectInputStream\u00a0\u4ee3\u8868\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\uff0c\u5b83\u7684readObject\uff08\uff09\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u518d\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8fd4\u56de\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53ea\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86Serializable\u6216Externalizable\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u7c7b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u624d\u80fd\u88ab\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u3002Externalizable\u63a5\u53e3\u7ee7\u627f\u81eaSerializable\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0Externalizable\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u7c7b\u5b8c\u5168\u7531\u81ea\u8eab\u63a7\u5236\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u800c\u4ec5\u5b9e\u73b0Serializable\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5305\u62ec\u5982\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n
1\uff09\u00a0\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41\uff1b<\/p>\n
2\uff09\u00a0\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41\u7684writeObject()\u65b9\u6cd5\u5199\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u8c61\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
1\uff09\u00a0\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6e90\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\uff1b<\/p>\n
2\uff09\u00a0\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u7684readObject()\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bfb\u53d6\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u7c7b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\n[java]import\u00a0java.io.*;
\nimport\u00a0java.util.Date;<\/p>\n
\/**
\n*\u00a0\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u548c\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7c7b.
\n*\/
\npublic\u00a0class\u00a0ObjectSaver\u00a0{
\npublic\u00a0static\u00a0void\u00a0main(String[]\u00a0args)\u00a0throws\u00a0Exception\u00a0{
\n ObjectOutputStream\u00a0out\u00a0=\u00a0new\u00a0ObjectOutputStream(
\n new\u00a0FileOutputStream("D:""objectFile.obj"));<\/p>\n
\/\/\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5bf9\u8c61
\n Customer\u00a0customer\u00a0=\u00a0new\u00a0Customer("\u963f\u871c\u679c",\u00a024);
\n out.writeObject("\u4f60\u597d!");
\n out.writeObject(new\u00a0Date());
\n out.writeObject(customer);
\n out.writeInt(123);\u00a0\/\/\u5199\u5165\u57fa\u672c\u7c7b\u578b\u6570\u636e
\n out.close();
\n \/\/\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n
ObjectInputStream\u00a0in\u00a0=\u00a0new\u00a0ObjectInputStream(
\n new\u00a0FileInputStream("D:""objectFile.obj"));<\/p>\n
System.out.println("obj1="\u00a0+\u00a0(String)\u00a0in.readObject());
\n System.out.println("obj2="\u00a0+\u00a0(Date)\u00a0in.readObject());
\n Customer\u00a0obj3\u00a0=\u00a0(Customer)\u00a0in.readObject();
\n System.out.println("obj3="\u00a0+\u00a0obj3);
\n int\u00a0obj4\u00a0=\u00a0in.readInt();
\n System.out.println("obj4="\u00a0+\u00a0obj4);
\n in.close();
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
class\u00a0Customer\u00a0implements\u00a0Serializable\u00a0{
\n private\u00a0String\u00a0name;
\n private\u00a0int\u00a0age;
\n public\u00a0Customer(String\u00a0name,\u00a0int\u00a0age)\u00a0{
\n this.name\u00a0=\u00a0name;
\n this.age\u00a0=\u00a0age;
\n }<\/p>\n
public\u00a0String\u00a0toString()\u00a0{
\n return\u00a0"name="\u00a0+\u00a0name\u00a0+\u00a0",\u00a0age="\u00a0+\u00a0age;
\n }
\n}
\n\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\nobj1=\u4f60\u597d!<\/p>\n
obj2=Sat\u00a0Sep\u00a015\u00a022:02:21\u00a0CST\u00a02007<\/p>\n
obj3=name=\u963f\u871c\u679c,\u00a0age=24<\/p>\n
obj4=123[\/java]
\n\u56e0\u6b64\u4f8b\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4e0d\u518d\u8be6\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\uff0e\u5b9e\u73b0Serializable\u63a5\u53e3<\/b><\/p>\n
ObjectOutputStream\u53ea\u80fd\u5bf9Serializable\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u7c7b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cObjectOutputStream\u6309\u7167\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u5f0f\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5bf9\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u975etransient\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u53d8\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684transient\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f53ObjectOutputStream\u6309\u7167\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u5f0f\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n
1\uff09\u00a0\u5982\u679c\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5bf9\u8c61\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u7c7b\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f1a\u5148\u52a0\u8f7d\u5e76\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728classpath\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u7c7b\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f1a\u629b\u51faClassNotFoundException\uff1b<\/p>\n
2\uff09\u00a0\u5728\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u7c7b\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u5e0c\u671b\u63a7\u5236\u7c7b\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u53ef\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7c7b\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684writeObject()\u548creadObject()\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002[java]private\u00a0void\u00a0writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream\u00a0out)\u00a0throws\u00a0IOException<\/p>\n
private\u00a0void\u00a0readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream\u00a0in)\u00a0throws\u00a0IOException,
\n \u00a0ClassNotFoundException;[\/java]<\/p>\n
\u5f53ObjectOutputStream\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2aCustomer\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u5177\u6709writeObject()\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5c31\u6309\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u5f0f\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684writeObjectt()\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u8c03\u7528ObjectOutputStream\u7684defaultWriteObject()\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41\u5148\u6267\u884c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u540c\u7406\u53ef\u5f97\u51fa\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6b21\u662fdefaultReadObject()\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6709\u4e9b\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e9b\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u5b9c\u5bf9\u5916\u516c\u5f00\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6309\u7167\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u5b83\u4eec\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u4f20\u8f93\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u4e0d\u6cd5\u4efd\u5b50\u7a83\u53d6\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5b83\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\u540e\u518d\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff0c\u5728\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u65f6\u5219\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u5bc6\uff0c\u518d\u6062\u590d\u4e3a\u539f\u6765\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f1a\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u6574\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u56fe\uff0c\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u9012\u5f52\u904d\u5386\u5bf9\u8c61\u56fe\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u8c61\u56fe\u5f88\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u904d\u5386\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u6d88\u8017\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3a\u53cc\u5411\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e9b\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u6539\u4e3atransient\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5c06\u8282\u7701\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e09\uff0e\u00a0\u5b9e\u73b0Externalizable\u63a5\u53e3<\/b><\/p>\n
Externalizable\u63a5\u53e3\u7ee7\u627f\u81eaSerializable\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86Externalizable\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c06\u5b8c\u5168\u7531\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u63a7\u5236\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u884c\u4e3a\u3002Externalizable\u63a5\u53e3\u58f0\u660e\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a
\n[java]public\u00a0void\u00a0writeExternal(ObjectOutput\u00a0out)\u00a0throws\u00a0IOException<\/p>\n
public\u00a0void\u00a0readExternal(ObjectInput\u00a0in)\u00a0throws\u00a0IOException\u00a0,
\n \u00a0ClassNotFoundException[\/java]<\/p>\n
\u524d\u8005\u8d1f\u8d23\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u8d1f\u8d23\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5bf9\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86Externalizable\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u7c7b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5148\u8c03\u7528\u7c7b\u7684\u4e0d\u5e26\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6709\u522b\u4e8e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u628a\u7c7b\u7684\u4e0d\u5e26\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u628a\u8be5\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aprivate\u3001\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6216protected\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u4f1a\u629b\u51fajava.io.InvalidException:\u00a0no\u00a0valid\u00a0constructor\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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