{"id":100,"date":"2015-03-30T14:11:45","date_gmt":"2015-03-30T06:11:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ai.zhousir.top\/?p=100"},"modified":"2026-08-18T12:09:26","modified_gmt":"2026-08-18T04:09:26","slug":"java%e5%af%b9%e8%b1%a1%e7%9a%84%e5%ba%8f%e5%88%97%e5%8c%96%e4%b8%8e%e5%8f%8d%e5%ba%8f%e5%88%97%e5%8c%96","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ai.zhousir.top\/?p=100","title":{"rendered":"Java\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u4e0e\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdc\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u53d1\u9001\u4ec0\u4e48\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u8d70\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u8981\u628a Java \u5bf9\u8c61\u53d8\u6210\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u518d\u628a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\u6062\u590d\u6210\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

\u628a Java \u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\u53eb\u505a\u5e8f\u5217\u5316<\/strong>\uff1b\u628a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\u6062\u590d\u4e3a Java \u5bf9\u8c61\u53eb\u505a\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316<\/strong>\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7528\u9014\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\uff1a\u628a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\u6c38\u4e45\u5b58\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\uff1b\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u4f20\u9001\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u63a5\u53e3<\/th>\n\u8c01\u63a7\u5236\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/th>\n\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u65f6<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Serializable<\/td>\n\u9ed8\u8ba4\u673a\u5236\uff1b\u53ef\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49 writeObject \/ readObject<\/td>\n\u4e0d\u8c03\u7528\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Externalizable<\/td>\n\u7c7b\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9e\u73b0 writeExternal \/ readExternal<\/td>\n\u5148\u8c03\u7528 public \u65e0\u53c2\u6784\u9020<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u4e00\u3001JDK \u7c7b\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316 API<\/h2>\n

java.io.ObjectOutputStream<\/code> \u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41\uff0cwriteObject(Object obj)<\/code> \u628a\u6307\u5b9a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5e76\u5199\u5165\u76ee\u6807\u6d41\u3002java.io.ObjectInputStream<\/code> \u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\uff0creadObject()<\/code> \u4ece\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u8bfb\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\u5e76\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ea\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 Serializable<\/code> \u6216 Externalizable<\/code> \u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u5176\u5bf9\u8c61\u624d\u80fd\u88ab\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u3002Externalizable \u7ee7\u627f\u81ea Serializable\uff1a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b83\u7684\u7c7b\u5b8c\u5168\u81ea\u5df1\u63a7\u5236\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u884c\u4e3a\uff1b\u53ea\u5b9e\u73b0 Serializable \u7684\u7c7b\u8d70\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41\uff08\u53ef\u5305\u88c5\u6587\u4ef6\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u518d\u8c03\u7528 writeObject()<\/code>\u3002\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\uff0c\u518d\u8c03\u7528 readObject()<\/code>\u3002\u5199\u5165\u548c\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5fc5\u987b\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n

import java.io.*;\nimport java.util.Date;\n\npublic class ObjectSaver {\n    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {\n        ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(\n                new FileOutputStream(\"objectFile.obj\"));\n        Customer customer = new Customer(\"\u963f\u871c\u679c\", 24);\n        out.writeObject(\"\u4f60\u597d!\");\n        out.writeObject(new Date());\n        out.writeObject(customer);\n        out.writeInt(123);  \/\/ \u5199\u5165\u57fa\u672c\u7c7b\u578b\u6570\u636e\n        out.close();\n\n        ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(\n                new FileInputStream(\"objectFile.obj\"));\n        System.out.println(\"obj1=\" + (String) in.readObject());\n        System.out.println(\"obj2=\" + (Date) in.readObject());\n        Customer obj3 = (Customer) in.readObject();\n        System.out.println(\"obj3=\" + obj3);\n        int obj4 = in.readInt();\n        System.out.println(\"obj4=\" + obj4);\n        in.close();\n    }\n}\n\nclass Customer implements Serializable {\n    private String name;\n    private int age;\n    public Customer(String name, int age) {\n        this.name = name;\n        this.age = age;\n    }\n    public String toString() {\n        return \"name=\" + name + \", age=\" + age;\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff1aobj1=\u4f60\u597d!\uff1bobj2=\u67d0\u4e2a Date\uff1bobj3=name=\u963f\u871c\u679c, age=24\uff1bobj4=123\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0 Serializable \u63a5\u53e3<\/h2>\n
ObjectOutputStream \u53ea\u80fd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 Serializable \u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ea\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u975e transient \u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e8f\u5217\u5316 transient \u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6309\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u5f0f\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u65f6\uff1a\u82e5\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\u8be5\u7c7b\u5c1a\u672a\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f1a\u5148\u52a0\u8f7d\u5e76\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff1bclasspath \u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94 class \u6587\u4ef6\u5219\u629b ClassNotFoundException<\/code>\u3002\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528<\/strong>\u7c7b\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u82e5\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u63a7\u5236\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ef\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0b\u9762\u4e24\u4e2a\u79c1\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5bf9\u8c61\u6709 writeObject<\/code> \u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u8d70\u5b83\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8d70\u9ed8\u8ba4\u3002\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u8c03 defaultWriteObject()<\/code> \u505a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff0c\u518d\u8865\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u903b\u8f91\uff1b\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5bf9\u5e94 defaultReadObject()<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n
private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream out) throws IOException\nprivate void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5bf9\u8c61\u91cc\u82e5\u6709\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6309\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u5f0f\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u540e\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u4f20\u8f93\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u622a\u83b7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u52a0\u5bc6\u518d\u5199\u5165\uff0c\u8bfb\u56de\u6765\u518d\u89e3\u5bc6\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u4f1a\u9012\u5f52\u904d\u5386\u6574\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u56fe\uff0c\u56fe\u5f88\u590d\u6742\u65f6\u53c8\u5360\u7a7a\u95f4\u53c8\u8017\u65f6\u3002\u628a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u7684\u6210\u5458\u6807\u6210 transient<\/code>\uff0c\u80fd\u7f29\u5c0f\u4f53\u79ef\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0 Externalizable \u63a5\u53e3<\/h2>\n
Externalizable \u7ee7\u627f Serializable\u3002\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b83\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u884c\u4e3a\u5b8c\u5168\u7531\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u81ea\u5df1\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002\u63a5\u53e3\u58f0\u660e\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u524d\u8005\u8d1f\u8d23\u5199\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u8d1f\u8d23\u8bfb\u3002<\/p>\n
public void writeExternal(ObjectOutput out) throws IOException\npublic void readExternal(ObjectInput in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 Externalizable \u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5148\u8c03\u7528\u7c7b\u7684public \u65e0\u53c2\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u548c Serializable \u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u82e5\u5220\u9664\u65e0\u53c2\u6784\u9020\uff0c\u6216\u628a\u5b83\u6539\u6210 private\u3001\u9ed8\u8ba4\u3001protected\uff0c\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa java.io.InvalidClassException: no valid constructor<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u603b\u7ed3\uff1aSerializable \u8d70\u9ed8\u8ba4\uff08\u53ef\u52a0 transient \/ \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8bfb\u5199\uff09\uff0cExternalizable \u5b8c\u5168\u81ea\u5df1\u5199\uff1b\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u628a\u5bf9\u8c61\u53d8\u6210\u5b57\u8282\u518d\u8fd8\u539f\u56de\u6765\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdc\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u53d1\u9001\u4ec0\u4e48\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u8d70\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u8981\u628a Java \u5bf9\u8c61\u53d8\u6210\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[17],"tags":[43,34],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ai.zhousir.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/100"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ai.zhousir.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ai.zhousir.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ai.zhousir.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ai.zhousir.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=100"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/ai.zhousir.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/100\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":307,"href":"https:\/\/ai.zhousir.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/100\/revisions\/307"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ai.zhousir.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=100"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ai.zhousir.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=100"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ai.zhousir.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=100"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}